Do Indian outsourcers misuse the h-1b visa programs? 印度做外包滥用H - 1B签证节目？

Indian outsourcing firms are under scrutiny as federal legislators investigate the use--and alleged abuse--of the H-1B foreign worker visa. 印度外包公司正在审议的联邦立法者查处使用-并指称虐待-对H - 1 B签证的外国工人的签证。

Sens. Dick Durbin, D-Ill., and Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, both members of the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration, sent letters to the CEOs of nine Indian firms--including Infosys Technologies, Satyam Computer Services, Tata Consultancy Services, and Wipro Technologies--requesting details on their use of H-1B visas. sens.迪克德宾的D -患病，并夹头葛拉斯，俄爱荷华州，两位议员的参议院司法委员会的移民，曾发信给地球观测卫星委员会的九名印度公司-包括I nfosysT echnologies， S atyamC omputerS ervices等，塔塔咨询服务公司和Wipro技术-请详细介绍其使用的 H - 1 B签证。 Grassley and Durbin claim that the Indian firms are skirting federal regulations and using the visas to stock their US operations with low-paid Indian nationals. 葛拉斯理和德宾说，印度公司都绕过联邦法规，并利用签证的股票其美国业务与低工资的印度国民。 They also maintain that the companies use the program to expose their workers to customer service operations in the United States, easing the process of moving that work offshore and displacing American workers. 他们还认为，该公司使用该程序，以揭露他们的工人，以客户服务业务，在美国，放松的过程中移动表示，境外工作，并取代美国工人。

In their letters to the companies, Durbin and Grassley asked for information on the average ages of their H-1B workers, their wages, and the companies' efforts to recruit Americans for those positions. 在他们的信件交给公司，德宾和葛拉斯理要求提供资料，对平均年龄，他们的H - 1B工人，他们的工资，和两家公司的努力，聘请美国人为这些职位。 The companies have yet to respond, a Durbin spokesman says. 该公司尚未作出回应，德宾发言人说。

Indian outsourcers are conspicuous in their use of H-1B visas. 印度外包是突出，在他们使用的H - 1B签证。 According to a government list, Indian firms represent five of the top 10 firms granted H-1B visas last year. 根据一份政府清单中，印度企业代表5个前 10名的企业授予H - 1B签证去年。 In a recent interview with InformationWeek , Tata said it employs about 8,000 H-1B workers. 在最近的一次采访中，与信息周刊 ，塔塔说，它雇用了大约8000名的H - 1B工人。 In Securities and Exchange Commission filings, Infosys says it has at least 7,100 H-1B workers, and Wipro and Satyam note that H-1B workers make up most of their US staffs. 在美国证券交易委员会提交的文件， Infosys公司表示，它至少有7100年的H - 1B工人，和Wipro以及Satyam注意到H - 1B签证的工人弥补他们大部分的美国员工。

Last month, Durbin and Grassley introduced a visa reform bill intended to crack down on abuses by foreign outsourcing firms. 上个月，德宾和葛拉斯理介绍签证改革法案旨在严厉打击侵犯外商外包公司。 The bill, aimed at both the H-1B and L-1 visa programs--L-1 visas aren't capped and are designed for managers at multinational companies--breaks new ground by barring companies from using the visas simply to train short-term workers who are shipped back home to do outsourced work. 条例草案，其目的是既H - 1B和L - 1签证计划-L - 1签证，是不是有上限，并是专为经理人的跨国公司-有了新的突破，而阻止公司使用的签证，只是为了短期的列车中期工人被运回家乡做外包的工作。 It would require all employers with H-1B workers to pledge that they made "good faith" efforts to fill those jobs with American workers, something that's required now only of companies with 15% or more of their employees on H-1Bs. 它会要求所有雇主与 H - 1B签证的工人，以保证他们所作的"诚意" ，努力填补这些职位与美国工人，而这是的，现在需要的不仅是公司15 ％ 或以上的员工在使用的H - 1bs 。 The bill also would require employers to advertise jobs on a Labor Department Website for 30 days, and post summaries of all H-1B applications. 该法案也规定雇主必须宣传工作，对劳动部门的网站，为30天，产后的摘要全部H - 1B签证申请。

The Indian outsourcers wouldn't comment, but the National Association of Software and Services Companies, a lobbying group, defended their use of H-1B visas as a business issue. 印度外包商不评论 ， 但该协会对软件和服务公司，一个游说集团，捍卫自己的使用H - 1B签证当作是业务问题。 "Work permits are primarily a tool for facilitating trade and allow global companies to bring key staff to the US on temporary assignments, just as US staff often travels across the world for temporary assignments," NASSCOM said in a statement. "工作许可证，主要是一个工具，为促进贸易，并允许全球性公司，以使各项主要工作人员，向美国临时任务的，正如美国的工作人员经常往来世界各地，为临时委派， "国家软件在一份声明中说。

Source: InformationWeek 资料来源：信息周刊

Pakistan; Next Generation of Economic Leaders 巴基斯坦;下一代经济领袖

Potential to overtake existing BRIC countries - Brazil and Russia 潜力超越现有金砖四国-巴西和俄罗斯

Mexico, Indonesia, Pakistan and Turkey are in a favorable position to become the new generation of emerging economies to have significant impact on the global economy, claims Grant Thornton International. 墨西哥，印度尼西亚，巴基斯坦和土耳其都处于明显的有利地位，成为新一代的新兴经济体为有显着影响，对全球经济中，债权均富国际。 Following on from the Grant Thornton International Business Report (IBR) in February 2007 into the impact of the BRIC economies (Brazil Russia, India and China) on the global market place, the international accounting organization has identified Mexico, Indonesia, Pakistan and Turkey as the front runners to inherit the BRIC mantel from the original four. 以下就由均富国际商业报告（ IBR技术 ） 在2007年2月到的影响，该金砖经济体（巴西，俄罗斯，印度和中国）对世界市场，国际会计组织已确定墨西哥，印度尼西亚，巴基斯坦和土耳其作为前面跑继承金砖曼特尔从原来的4个。 These countries may match or even overtake some of the commonly identified BRIC economies (Brazil, Russia, India and China) which are expected to join the global economic powers. 这些国家可能匹配，甚至超越一些最常见的确定新兴经济体 （ 巴西，俄罗斯，印度和中国） ，这些成本预计将加入全球经济大国。

Although these economies are unlikely to match India or China in strength, they certainly have the potential to rival Brazil and Russia in terms of economic strength. 虽然这些经济体是不可能，以配合印度或中国强大了，他们当然有可能的对手巴西和俄罗斯在经济实力。

Alex MacBeath, global leader of privately held business services for Grant Thornton International, said: "Indonesia and Pakistan, with their large populations, have the potential to grow their labor-intensive exports and could capitalize on the process of low-cost production that mainland China has so successfully exploited. Mexico, as the 14th largest economy in the world, is benefiting from its close trading ties with the other North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) countries and is well-placed to play a more significant role in the Americas. Turkey is expanding robustly and is on the path to making the transition to a modern industrial economy and is set to increase its influence in Western Europe and the Middle East." 徐家麦克贝思，全球领先的私人持有的商业服务，为均富国际，说： "印尼和巴基斯坦，他们的大量人口，有增长的潜力，他们的劳动密集产品出口，并可能利用这一过程的低成本生产，内地中国已成功地利用。墨西哥，作为第十四届世界最大经济体，是受益于其紧密的贸易联系，与其他北美自由贸易协定（北美自由贸易区）国家，并有利地位，以发挥更重要的作用，在美洲。土耳其是扩大缜密，并且是该道路正在过渡到一个现代化的工业经济，是一套以增加其影响力在西欧和中东的" 。

According to Hector Perez from Salles, Sáinz-Grant Thornton in Mexico: "The reason for such an outstanding performance from the Mexican economy during 2006 was the unprecedented macroeconomic stability, a steady Mexican peso and a low inflation rate of 4%. 据佩雷斯的Hector从salles ， sáinz -均富在墨西哥说： "之所以如此杰出的表现，由墨西哥经济在2006年是前所未有的宏观经济稳定，稳定的墨西哥比索和低通货膨胀率是4 ％ 。

Hendra Winata from the Grant Thornton firm in Indonesia commented: "The Indonesian economy continues to strengthen with the help of a vigorous policy reform agenda aimed at reviving investment and easing inflationary pressures. As a result the country's growth target of 6% looks very achievable. 亨德拉winata从均富公司在印度尼西亚评论说： "在印尼经济状况继续加强与帮助下大力进行政策改革议程旨在重振投资和缓解通胀压力，由于国家的发展目标为6 ％看起来身体很实现的。

Aykut Halit from Arkan & Ergin Grant Thornton in Turkey commented: "Turkish economic growth rates over the past five years have averaged 7.5% with foreign trade averaging 26% a year. Foreign direct investment has come in at record levels from Europe, North America and the Middle East as have many international banks. Turkey is also set to be boosted by becoming a full member of the European Union in the near future." aykut halit从阿尔干＆ ergin均富在土耳其评论说： "土耳其的经济增长率在过去5年平均为7.5 ％ ，与外国的贸易平均为26 ％ ，每年的外国直接投资来达到创纪录水平，从欧洲，北美和中东有很多的国际性银行。土耳其也将提供支撑，成为一个正式的成员，欧洲联盟在不久的将来" 。

Source: International press 资料来源：国际新闻

Financial Services, Manufacturing Drive Offshore IT Services Boom 金融服务，制造传动海外IT服务的蓬勃

Market to reach $14.7 billion by 2009, financial services account for quarter of spending 市场将达到147亿美元，到2009年，金融服务占了四分之一的开支

The US offshore IT services market is expected to nearly double in size to an estimated $14.7 billion by 2009, reports IDC. 美国境外IT服务市场预计将增加将近一倍，规模估计为147亿美元，到2009年， IDC的报告。 This represents a five-year compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 14.4%. 这标志着为期5年的年复合增长率（年复合增长率）的14.4 ％ 。 Discrete manufacturers will continue to generate the largest percentage of overall revenue for offshore services providers, accounting for 17% of spending by 2009. 离散制造商将会继续产生最大百分比的整体收入为离岸服务供应商之一，占17 ％的开支，到2009年。 Retail, communications, banking, insurance, and other financial services companies are also expected to be prominent users of offshore IT services. 零售，通讯，银行，保险以及其他金融服务公司也预计将在突出使用者的海外IT服务。 In aggregate, the financial services industry is expected to account for 28.9% of the total spending by the end of the forecast period. 总计，金融服务行业预计占28.9 ％ ，占总支出由预测期结束时。 A handful of industries will also present attractive, above average growth opportunities for offshore IT services. 只有少数几个行业也将具有吸引力，高于平均水平的增长机会，为海外IT服务。 These will include healthcare, process manufacturing, professional services, and transportation. 这将包括医疗保健，工艺制造，专业服务和运输等。

The prediction is based on a survey of 1,000 end users in the US According to IDC, cost savings remains the leading driver for adoption for all types of offshore services. 这项预测是根据一项调查的1000个最终用户，在美国根据IDC的统计，节省成本，仍是最主要的驱动力通过为所有类型的离岸服务。 However, nearly half those surveyed also leverage offshore capabilities to support new service and technology delivery models within their organizations. 然而，有将近一半的受访者还杠杆远洋能力，以支持新的服务和技术交付模式在其组织。 In general, discrete manufacturers and healthcare respondents viewed offshore services as an important cost-cutting mechanism, with the majority of discrete manufacturers also citing offshore services as an increasingly strategic component of IT delivery. 一般来说，离散制造商和医护人员的受访者认为，离岸业务作为一项重要的成本削减机制，与多数人的离散制造商也引述离岸业务作为一个日益战略的组成部分，它交付。

As for the financial services industry, Jason Spaulding, research analyst, Vertical Industry Research at IDC noted, "These firms are at the vanguard of offshore services work. Companies in these industries are dominated by core legacy applications environments, strict competitive pressure to reduce costs, and consolidation. As a result, firms look to inexpensively integrate and manage current applications while developing new custom applications." 至于金融服务业，贾森斯波尔丁，研究机构的分析师，垂直行业研究机构IDC公司指出， "这些公司都是在先锋的海外服务工作，公司在这些行业中占支配地位的核心遗产应用环境，严格的竞争压力，以降低成本和巩固工作，作为一个结果，公司期待更便宜地整合和管理现有的应用程序开发新的个性化应用" 。

More than 75% of respondents to the survey indicated that industry expertise plays an important role in providing offshore services. 75 ％以上的受访者调查表明行业专业知识发挥了重要作用，提供离岸服务。 "Given this fact, understanding the key business drivers, inhibitors, and the degree to which industries will or will not procure offshore services is critical to capturing services opportunities," Spaulding advised. "鉴于这一事实，了解关键的业务驱动力，抑制剂，并在何种程度上的行业会或不会购置离岸服务是关键，以捕捉服务机会， "斯波尔丁忠告。 Furthermore, providers of all types should look to target industries while striving to enhance the depth of their current vertical market offerings and selectively targeting new industries for expansion." 此外，并提供了所有类型看，以重点产业的同时，努力提高深度其目前的垂直市场的产品和有选择性地针对新的产业扩张" 。

Source: OSW Team, IDC 资料来源：妇女地位办公室团队， IDC公司